New Publication: Do birds connect different ecosystem services in croplands?

In our recent research, we used DNA-metabarcoding and ecological networks to show how birds link pest control in apple orchards in N Spain with seed dispersal in the surrounding hedgerows. We found that pest control network, which emerges from the antagonistic interactions between birds and apple pests, was highly modular and more specialized. This suggests strong trophic complementarity between bird species. We also found that seed dispersal network, based on the mutualism between birds and fleshy-fruited plants, was highly nested and generalized, probably leading to high functional resilience. When pooling together pest control and seed dispersal in a hybrid network, we found strong differences between bird species in centrality, i.e. in their relevance to interconnect the different ecosystem services. Interestingly, centrality mostly depended on birds’ relative abundances, evidencing the major role of common species to provide “kits” of interrelated services in agroecosystems. See the Open Access paper in Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment!